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Using an Interpreter Tool

When the patient and physician do not speak the same language a professional interpreter should be employed to facilitate the interview.  Some interpreters also serve as “cultural brokers,” people trained in relating cultural differences and resolving conflicts between the patient and the healthcare provider.  The availability of professional interpreters varies among hospitals, and in many places patients who do not speak English must rely on hospital staff members who are fluent in a language but not trained as interpreters.  In many instances, family members are called on to serve the interpreter role. There is debate whether either of these latter approaches fulfills the requirements set forth by The Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (HL to Resource  - language page).  (For more on working with interpreters, models and practices, see: http://www.diversityrx.org/HTML/models.htm). 

The following list provides tips for working with an interpreter:

1. Unless you are thoroughly effective and fluent in the target language, always use an interpreter.
2. Try to use an interpreter of the same sex as the client but avoid using family members as interpreters.32
3. Learn basic words and sentences in the target language; emphasize by repetition and speak slowly, not loudly.
4. Be patient. Careful interpretation often requires that long explanatory phrases be used.
5. Address the patient directly: do not direct commentary to or through the interpreter as if the patient did not exist.
6. Return to an issue if you suspect a problem and get a negative response. Be sure the interpreter knows what you want.
7. Provide instructions in LIST format and have patients repeat their understanding of the medical therapy.
8. Use short questions and comments; avoid technical terminology and professional jargon, like "workup."
9. Use language that the interpreter can handle; avoid abstractions, idiomatic expressions, similes and metaphors.
10. Plan what to say ahead of time. Do not confuse the interpreter by backing up rephrasing or hesitating.

Taken from www.amsa.org/AMSA/Libraries/Committee_Docs/cultural.sflb.ashx